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Technology Storm Rages! Excavator Main Pump Efficiency Soars 40%, 280 Billion Market Pattern Shifts

2025-11-21

As the "heart" of the excavator hydraulic system, the performance of the main pump directly determines the equipment operation efficiency and energy consumption level. With the upgrading of global infrastructure requirements for energy conservation and reliability of construction machinery, the excavator main pump field is witnessing a wave of technological innovation and supply chain optimization. European enterprises focus on intelligent control upgrading, Japanese and Korean enterprises deepen material and structural innovation, while Chinese enterprises achieve breakthroughs in the new energy-adapted main pump track, jointly promoting the global main pump market towards high efficiency and low carbon transformation.

The European market is making dual efforts in the intelligent supply chain and technological upgrading of main pumps. Bosch Rexroth, a global hydraulic system giant, announced that its new generation excavator main pump production base in Stuttgart, Germany, has officially put into operation. Equipped with a digital twin production system, the base can realize real-time monitoring and precise control of the core parameters of the main pump, increasing the product qualification rate to 99.8%. At the same time, the main pump parts logistics center newly built by Bosch Rexroth in Poland was put into use simultaneously. Taking advantage of its geographical proximity to major European excavator production bases, the delivery cycle of main pumps has been shortened from 12 days to 5 days, focusing on serving main engine manufacturers such as Liebherr and Case. Its newly launched A4VG series variable main pump integrates intelligent load sensing technology, which can automatically adjust displacement according to operation load, saving 16% energy compared with traditional products, and has been mass-matched with medium-sized excavators in the European market.

Japanese and Korean enterprises continue to make breakthroughs in the core technological innovation of main pumps. Kawasaki Heavy Industries of Japan recently launched a new generation of K3V series excavator main pumps, adopting a new bimetallic plunger structure. Through surface ceramic coating treatment, the friction coefficient between the plunger and the cylinder block is reduced by 30%, and the continuous operation life of the main pump exceeds 12,000 hours, an increase of 50% compared with the previous generation product. The main pump is optimized for mining heavy-duty working conditions, with a rated working pressure of 38MPa. It has been adapted to the Komatsu PC4500 mining excavator and will be supplied globally in the second quarter of 2026. Hyundai WIA of South Korea, in conjunction with the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, has developed an electro-hydraulic integrated main pump, which integrates the electronic control unit with the hydraulic pump, increasing the response speed by 25% and accurately matching the composite action needs of excavators. It has been applied to the Hyundai R350LVS excavator and has performed outstandingly in Southeast Asian infrastructure projects.

Chinese enterprises' breakthroughs in the field of new energy excavator main pumps are breaking the international monopoly. Zhejiang Liyuan Hydraulics launched a special main pump for pure electric excavators, which adopts an axial piston structure and permanent magnet synchronous motor drive, with an energy conversion efficiency of 92%, reducing energy consumption by 30% compared with traditional hydraulic main pumps, and solving the industry problem of large starting impact of main pumps for electric equipment. The main pump has been matched with the electric excavators of Zoomlion and Sunward, and exported to the European and South American markets. The order volume in the first half of 2025 exceeded 30,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 150%. In terms of overseas layout, the main pump production base established by Sany Group in India has completed commissioning, focusing on the production of high-temperature resistant main pumps adapted to tropical working conditions. Using special sealing materials and heat dissipation structures, it can work stably in a high-temperature environment of 60℃, with an annual production capacity of 200,000 sets, which will effectively cover the market demand in South Asia and the Middle East.

According to the latest report from Off-Highway Research, a leading industry analysis agency, the global excavator main pump market size is expected to reach 28 billion US dollars in 2025, among which the growth rates of new energy-adapted main pumps and intelligent variable main pumps are as high as 22% and 18% respectively, becoming the core driving forces for market growth. Analysts from the agency point out that main pump technology is shifting from "single performance optimization" to "systematic collaborative upgrading", and main pump enterprises that can realize in-depth integration with the whole machine power system and control system will gain an advantageous position in global competition.

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